Gandhara Art

The Gandhara school (roughly 1st-5th century CE, in what is now northern Pakistan/Afghanistan) is famous for producing some of the earliest human-form depictions of the Buddha, in a style showing clear Greco-Roman influence from the region's history of contact with Hellenistic culture: wavy hair, naturalistic drapery falling in real folds, and an idealised, almost classical facial structure.

Gandhara is the exam-safe answer whenever a question asks where the human-form Buddha image is generally considered to have first developed (alongside Mathura, which developed a distinct, more indigenous image around the same period) - know that pairing and the basic stylistic contrast between them.